Zapata Drilling Equipment Drilling
Zapata punch.
Pierceable is a special tool, which fulfills the functions of a conventional PDC wick and a float shoe. Its length varies from 2 to 2.5 feet.
Characteristics of the Zapata Drilling (Drill Shoe I)
* Presents fins and tungsten carbide cutters.
* The cutting structure located on the shoulder of the shoe is a welded metal blocks formed with sharp tungsten carbide. In the oil field, this material is used for milling comumente for fishing tools and in particular for the drilling of wells.
* It is provided with elongated flow ports located on the face, to provide clean and cool the cutters.
* Available for diameters liners from 7 to 30 inches, for the construction of holes 8 1 / 2 to 36 inches.
* It is adaptable for connection casing «buttress» or premium.
Drill Shoe II variant also has the following characteristics:
* They have a central court structure thermally stable diamond (CTE’s) and shoulder cutters PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond) offers greater efficiency for consolidated formations or moderately consolidated.
* Replacement of the flow channels present in the shoe of the first generation interchangeable jets which provide greater HSI.
* This type of drilling pads can reach penetration rates from 200 to 400 pph.
* Available for liners from 7 to 13 3 / 8 inch diameter holes for the construction of 8 1 / 2 to 17 inches. They can also be used for both liners to shirts.
The shoes are punctured by wicks PDC, tricone and even shoe on the other drill.
Parts of the Zapata Drilling
1. Zapata actual drilling
The face and the jets
The front face is the flat shoe made of an aluminum alloy, which guarantees its perforated by conventional fuses. The aluminum face is protected from erosion by a thin layer of dense tungsten carbide.
In the face of the tool jets are designed to clean and cool the cutting structure and transport across the ring and up the gravel surface. Jets conventional tungsten carbide are not punctured, for this reason, these jets have been specially manufactured soft metal (copper) and a stronger ceramic coating, besides being large enough to offer no obstruction during cementing operations following.
Fins
The body of the drill pad is also equipped with stabilizing fins tungsten carbide, which provide sufficient clearance between the casing and the walls of the hole for cementing, as well as providing protection against wear of the shoe body. Together, the fins provide support structures and define cutting hydraulic flow patterns.
Court structures
As mentioned above, are made of tungsten carbide (Drill Shoe I) or thermally stable diamond (Drill Shoe II) while the shoulder of these blocks are sharp tungsten carbide cutters PDC respectively.
The body
The body of the shoe is made of an alloy steel of equal or greater degree than the casing used. The body must perform the following functions: retaining and supporting the cutters and nozzles, to maintain its strength under the conditions in the pit, directing and controlling the drilling fluid as it’s ready and provide a means of connection (box) with casing.
Box
The drill shoe has an integral connection box (do not use mesh) so that the casing or liner pin is inserted into the tool.
Float valve
The block-house punch a system comprised of a float valve, which allows the passage of fluid but the return of it.
2. Casing
The drill pad is directly connected to the casing, which is drilled the hole and cemented after drilling completion. You can use any pipe that meets the requirements for the conditions which will be exposed.
3. Spear Drilling Casing Assembly (CDSA)
The torque tool to develop the casing consisted of a crossover connected between the top drive and casing bushing called cross over water. Bushing cross over the water is simply a sub comprises a casing pin and a box to drill pipe. As drilling proceeds, will connecting casing. Although it meets all technical requirements, this crossover has a major disadvantage: the time required to connect and disconnect each casing joint (a connection and two connections.) This disadvantage prompted the development of SADC, which allows a single connection.
This tool allows the transmission of torque to the casing and Diesner is based on the existing harpoons. This harpoon is connected directly to top drive unit and simply pushed into the casing.
Advantages and disadvantages of using the Zapata Drilling
Advantages of the Zapata Drilling:
* Reduced operating times.
* Improved hole cleaning.
* Helps to minimize the power of the pumping system.
* Reduce travel problems associated with piping.
* Removes the reviews of the hole.
* Eliminates the use and handling of tubulars.
* Reduce problems of diversion.
* The casing is cemented to reach you final depth.
Disadvantages of the Zapata Drilling:
* It has a maximum diameter (20 inches)
* It has a maximum depth of application (about 1800 feet)
* Operational techniques unfamiliar.
* Limited to vertical wells.
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